Discuss how Benedicts work developed Boas vision of anthropology and Essay

Discuss how Benedicts work developed Boas vision of anthropology and whether it also represented a new direction in American anthropology - Essay Example This paper will explore what culture could have given Benedict a true sense of all this cultures. The paper will explore Benedicts work and how it sought to spread the importance of culture in individual personality formation. The paper will summarize Benedict’s views on culture capturing the views of some of her best-selling anthropological books.   The influence is quite evident as Ruth was a student of boas and she had great passion for him. It was in Columbia University in 1919 where the two started working together one as a student (Ruth) while boas were a teacher (Benedict & Mead 1977). The influence cannot be undermined given that Ruth wrote in her work about the love she had for boas. It is true that love doesn’t just happen but often is a result of attraction towards style type or ideologies presented by an individual that leads to admiration and finally love. The love of Ruth on boas must have been as a result of his ideologies and way of thinking. The work developed by boas must have had great impact and influence on Ruth. Having rise to the position of president of American anthropological association in no doubt influence American anthropology. In her search for career she attends some classes in anthropology and at that time she attended classes lectured by Alexander Goldenweiser the student for boas (Moore 2009). And he must have influenced her to continue e pursuit in the same career. It could actually be the point where she decided to pursue career in anthropology that she shared a class with a student of boas. After that class with Alexander a student for boas she actually developed great love for sociology. It is amazing how a student of boas made her feel in love with anthropology and later on having great passion for boas and his work. Alexander sent her to boas at Colombia University for further pursuit in the career. Boas took the role of a father and to her boas was like a father; in extension contribute

Underdeveloped Countries and the War on Drugs Essay -- Drugs Third Wor

Underdeveloped Countries and the War on Drugs With the presidential election peering around the corner, it is time to bring back an age-old topic which has been troubling United States citizens for decades, the War on Drugs. Politicians have long quarreled over what sort of action should be taken to combat the world’s drug problems, and it is time that this issue surfaces again. Despite increased efforts from every government faction imaginable, the drug problem subsists, if not worsens. The market for cops and criminals in the drug war fields has not made any noticeable progress within the last 20 years (Kapczynski). Perhaps with the turn of the tide and hopefully a change of administration, the United States can develop a method that will enable them to make progress in this war, if it is not too late. Whoever assumes the presidential office for this next term will have to directly confront the sterility of the United States’ anti-drug programs. The United States needs to stop the War on Drugs and devote the annual twenty billion dollars to the countries that are being plagued with the drug problems so that they can work towards economic stability, which will potentially solve the drug traffic problems. To argue this, first it must be understood that the War on Drugs has failed and that the even the legalization of drugs is not going to help enough. Then it must be presented that the United States’ current efforts in Third-World countries are doing more harm than good and that we can fix this problem first by aiding the Third-World countries and not by destroying their economic structure. This issue is of greater importance now than ever before because we are losing the War. Despite the decrease in hectares from... ...ore reason that we should not continue this futile effort to stop the drug trafficking. We are doing more harm than good; I say it’s time to do more good. Works Cited Abramsky, Sasha. â€Å"The Drug War Goes Up In Smoke.† Nation Vol. 277: 25-29. â€Å"Drug Policy Project Director Calls War on Drugs a Failure.† Finance Customwire, 8 April 2004. Isacson, Adam. â€Å"Optimism, Pessimism, and Terrorism: The United States and Colombia in 2003.† Brown Journal of World Affairs Vol. 10: 245-256. Kapczynski, Amy. â€Å"Waging War With Drugs.† Index on Censorship Jan 2004: 76-81. â€Å"Reviving the War on Drugs.† New Straits Times 25 Jan. 2004. Whitford, Andrew B., Yates, Jeff. â€Å"Policy Signals and Executive Governance: Presidential Rhetoric in the War on Drugs.† Journal of Politics Nov 2003: 995-1013. Wolfe, Daniel. â€Å"Condemned to Death.† Nation 26 April 2004: 14-21.

Against School Uniforms

All around the United States more and more schools and switching to the idea of school uniforms. Schools think that this uniform policy will help bring down crime rates, gangs, improve the schools over all academic achievement, and level out social discriminations among students. Although this theory may become true to someone who wants it to be true, other skeptics looking into this are finding that these positive influences from uniforms are merely misconceptions. Schools’ academic achievements are not influenced by the clothes that students have on their backs. Neither is the crime rate in that school. There were theories that gang members could sneak into schools by wearing that schools uniform and blending in with everyone. Some students are even saying that uniforms will not stop them from discriminating other kids since they still know who is rich and who is poor. Although our society thinks that forcing students to wear uniforms to school will cure all problems, they better think twice. School uniforms should not be allowed in public schools because they are not cost effective, they deprive students’ rights to express themselves, and lastly, they do not increase the status of the school who adopted the uniform policy. One of the reasons that school uniforms should not be allowed in schools because they are not cost effective. One reason why they are not cost effective is because some families cannot afford multiple uniforms, plus the clothes that students wear outside of school (Pakhare 1). Unlike the students who can afford three, four, or five uniforms, the poorer students’ one uniform will look worn out and used by mid-semester compared to everyone else (Stainburn 1). It will be easier to pick out the kids who cannot afford much. The social boundaries that uniforms were trying to get rid of will still occur with or without them (Cruz 47). The second reason behind why school uniforms are not cost effective is because schools think that having uniforms will cover up the fact that all students have a different amount of wealth, yet students still know who is rich and who is poor. Uniform pieces differ from one another. There are expensive pieces, and there are basic pieces (Chaika 1). The uniforms that students buy can set them apart on the social ladder at school; just as well as normal clothing can (1). Schools do not want kids â€Å"killing each other over designer jackets,† which is why they take in the uniform policy in the first place (1). Students who switch to different schools with uniforms frequently can be majorly impacted financially (1). Constantly buying new uniforms for those different schools can definitely drain that person’s money, thus not making school uniforms cost effective. In addition to school uniforms not being cost effective, they also deprive students of their right to freedom of expression. The first reason is that it violates the First Amendment. The First Amendment gives all citizens the right to freedom of expression and when schools make students all dress a certain way, then that takes away their right. It is unlawful to take away individuals’ freedoms since they have a right to those freedoms (â€Å"Current Events† 3). Any student who gets expelled or suspended for violating the dress code, say that it is blockading their right of free public education (Cook 1). The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) said, â€Å"We think ordering school uniforms violates the First Amendment because it impacts on the freedom of expression† (3). Teachers also can be affected by this issue. They are the ones who have to put up with penalizing the students who break the dress code. A student in San Diego complained that â€Å"Teachers say they want us to be different, and then we all have to dress the same way† (3). Parents think that this policy is not a good idea, either. A parent in San Diego stated, â€Å"They have no right to make it mandatory. It’s against the rights of students and kids† (3). The second reason that school uniforms deprive students of their freedom of expression is that they make it harder for kids to find their identity in our modern society when they look exactly like everyone else (Cruz 46). As children grow up, they are supposed to make their own decisions while they learn from the mistakes they make, but the uniforms that the schools slap on kids is not a choice that they can decide on their own (47). The ACLU once stated, â€Å"Ban every individual expression and what you have left are not students, but soldiers† (47-48). This proves that each and every student’s right to freedom of expression is snatched away from them. The third and final reason why school uniforms should not be allowed in schools is that they do not improve the standards of a school. Some call it the ‘band-aid’ approach because instead of actually trying to solve the deeper issues in the school, they just mask all the problems by forcing students to wear uniforms (Cruz 43). One reason is that schools think that they will decrease the violence. They are mistaken because fights and other acts of misconduct will always happen in schools no matter what kind of clothes they wear (45). Students will always have grudges against other students and that will never change depending on the type of clothing they choose to wear. Uniforms cannot transform a bad student into a good one, they just dress them up to look like a good one (44). A student that created a problem before, will continue to create problems regardless of what they are wearing (Pakhare 1). Schools have socioeconomic groups that they want to break up in order to level out the social standards. One of those groups is gangs (2). Gangs are a growing problem in schools these days, but the clothes they wear in schools without uniform policies, can help others distinguish them from other students. If a school with gangs starts up the school uniform policy, it would be easier for gang members that are outside of the school, to sneak into that school to create some violence and mischief. Since everyone matches, you would not be able to distinguish a gang member from and actual student (Cruz 44). Another reason that school uniforms do not improve the standards of schools is that they do not improve school’s academic achievements. Studies have shown that uniforms had absolutely no correlation to test scores (Stainburn 1). Schools think that the sameness of everybody, because of the uniforms, will help students focus more on their studies, rather then what they look like. Although kids still find ways to discriminate one another, with or without uniforms, it still makes focusing on studies one hundred percent of the time difficult (1). Even in uniforms were in order, students will still stay distracted and will have to deal with daily discriminations (2). Schools have still found ways to improve academic achievements, which will incidentally improve their status, without the aid of uniforms (2). Because of the fact that school uniforms cost too much money, take away students’ rights, and do not increase a school’s reputation, they should not be required in schools. They do not have a useful purpose and there is no point of forcing students to wear them when they do not want to in the first place. It is only a matter of time before school districts realize how useless uniforms have become. Children that are forced to wear these uniforms do not like them, and neither to the parents that have to buy extra clothes that their kids only wear to school (Pakhare 1). It has been proven that there is little evidence to suggest a cause and effect relationship between the violence in school and the clothes that students wear (Cruz 45). Also, each and every student who is forced to wear a school uniform gets their right of freedom of expression taken away, which is consequently unconstitutional (â€Å"Current Events† 3). In conclusion to being against school uniforms being mandatory, they should be outlawed to all public schools since it has been proven that they are a tremendously horrible idea.

Plato And Aristotle s Views On Life And Political Regime

Western philosophy’s origins can be traced back to the ideas of Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato. Aristotle and Plato were philosophers who lived in Athens, Greece who critically studied matters of human life, political rule, human nature, and therefore wrote on the subjects. Plato s ideals are theoretically based and although Aristotle was one of his students his thoughts and ideas are more practical and biologically orientated than Plato s ideals. Although Plato and Aristotle have similar ideas on ideal human life and political regime there approach on both is distinct, since Aristotle focuses more on developmental and practical forms of life and Plato strives to proclaim the ideal forms although they may be unattainable. An ideal purpose or function exists for individuals in both Plato’s and Aristotle’s conceptualizations of mankind. This ideal purpose is called a telos, and every human being has a telos to live up to. According to The Republic wri tten by Plato the soul consists of three parts: reason, spirit and appetite. (Plato p. 130: 435 b-c; p. 135: 440 e) Each person is governed by one of the three components of their soul and it ultimately determines their role in society. Individuals with a soul that is dominated by reason are the only ones that are rational and those who spirit or appetite rule there body are deemed as irrational. The component of reason in the soul is the rational part which is wise and rules the spirited and appetitiveShow MoreRelatedAristotle And Plato : Definition Of A Good Citizen1965 Words   |  8 PagesJessica Arteaga-Ramirez Jackie Vieceli PS311 October 06, 2016 Aristotle and Plato (definition of a good citizen) Like other ancient philosophers, Aristotle and Plato had two different conceptions of the state, justice, and politics. 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